Sitemap 3 - WORLD ART: History - Famous Artists
List of Web Pages featuring the classification and explanation of the different types of art, the History of Western Art, including Stone age cave painting, the sculpture of ancient Greece and Rome, the Renaissance, as well as all modern and contemporary art movements and styles. In addition, you'll find biographies of the world's greatest painters and sculptors, profiles of the top European museums, and articles about the global art market.
Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art - HOMEPAGE

Contents

• Types of Art
• Reference: (Questions/Glossaries/Colour)
• History of Western Art
• Painting Genres
• Best Artists
• Old Masters (c.1300-1800)
• Famous Painters (1800-2009)
• Famous Sculptors
• Famous Museums
• World Art Market

Other Sitemaps

• Sitemap 1 - Art in Ireland
Details of arts institutions, artist groups and collectives, articles about the history of Irish art, details of visual art in each of the 32 counties, plus a list of museums and galleries. Also includes info on the Irish art market, and a review of educational art courses.

• Sitemap 2 - Irish Painters and Sculptors
For hundreds of biographies of Irish artists (1600-2008), plus information about Irish painting, sculpture and ceramics.

Types of Art

For all the main arts categories, see: Types of Art. For definitions, see: Art Definition, Meaning.
Visual art is a relatively modern term encompassing fine art (eg. drawing, painting, sculpture), as well as contemporary art forms (eg. collage, assemblage, photography, video, animation, concept art, performance, installation, land art, among others), decorative art (eg. ceramics, stained glass and interior design), graphic arts (eg. illustration, calligraphy), and applied art (mainly design), and printmaking (eg. woodcuts, etching, drypoint, engraving, lithographics and silkscreen).

A-Z Types of Art
Aesthetics
Animation
Assemblage
Calligraphy
Ceramics
Collage
Conceptual Art
Crafts: History, Types
-------------------------------
Drawing: History, Types, Artists
- Chalk Drawings
- Charcoal
- Conte Crayons
- "Disegno"
- Figure Drawing
- Pastel
- Pen and Ink
- Pencil Drawing
-------------------------------
Graphic Art
Happenings
Installation
Land/Environmental Art
Mosaic
Painting: History, Types, Painters
- Acrylics
- Encaustic Painting
- Fresco
- Gouache
- Ink and Wash
- Oil Painting
- Chiaroscuro
- Impasto Technique
- Panel-Painting
- Tempera
- Watercolours
- Body Painting
- Face Painting

A-Z Types of Art
Performance
Photography
Plastic Art
Printmaking: History, Types, Printmakers
- Engraving
- Etching
- Giclee prints
- Lithography
- Screen Printing
- Woodcuts
Public Art
-------------------------------
Sculpture Art
- Bronze
- Stone
- Marble
- Wood
-------------------------------
Stained Glass Art
Stained Glass Materials & Methods
Tapestry Art
Video

Reference

For answers to popular questions about the origins, history, types and terminology of art, plus information about the theory and practice of colour in painting, see below:

Questions

Art Questions (General)
Questions about History of Art
Questions about Famous Artists
Questions about Irish Art

Glossaries

Glossary of Art Terms
Painting Glossary
Colour Glossary
Art Movements
Architecture Glossary
Printmaking Glossary
Best Art Books

Colour

Colour in Painting
Colour Theory
Colour Pigments
Colour Mixing Tips

Colour Palettes

Prehistoric Colour Palette
Egyptian Colour Palette
Classical Colour Palette
Renaissance Colour Palette
18th Century Colour Palette
19th Century Colour Palette

History of Western Art
Includes articles on all types, styles and periods/movements of Western art from the Early Stone Age and early Mediterranean cultures, through Classical Antiquity (Greek, Roman art), and the Middle Ages as far as the Renaissance. Thereafter, the Italian Renaissance is covered in detail, as are several other movements including Impressionism, Expressionism and Cubism. In addition, there are profiles of all major modern and contemporary art styles. See also our detailed "Timeline," and our review of the most influential architectural styles up to the 20th century.
History of Art
Prehistoric Art Timeline
History of Art: Timeline
Architecture: History, Styles
History of Sculpture

Earliest Cultures
Paleolithic Art & Culture
Stone Age Art
Prehistoric Art
Oldest Art: Top 10
Oldest Art: Top 50
Earliest Art
Cupules: Rock Art
Bhimbetka Petroglyphs
Venus of Berekhat Ram
Venus of Tan-Tan
Blombos Cave Art Engravings
La Ferrassie Cave Cupules
-------------------------------
Stone Age Sculptures
Ivory Carvings: Swabian Jura
Venus Figurines
Venus of Kostenky
Venus of Willendorf
Venus of Brassempouy
-------------------------------
Stone Age Murals
Cave Painting
Chauvet
Pech-Merle
Cosquer
Lascaux
Altamira
-------------------------------
Ancient Civilizations
Ancient Art Guide
Bronze Age
Iron Age
African
Egyptian
Egyptian Pyramid Architecture
Egyptian Sculpture
Etruscan
Tribal Art
Oceanic
Persian
Minoan
Mycenean
Viking
-------------------------------
Classical Antiquity: Ancient Greece
Greek Art
Greek Sculpture
Archaic Style
Daedalic Style
Early Classical Period
High Classical Period
Late Classical Period
Hellenistic Period
Hellenistic Statues/Reliefs
Painting: Archaic
Painting: Classical
Painting: Hellenistic
Mural/Panel Painting Legacy
Greek Metalwork
Greek Pottery
Classical Antiquity: Ancient Rome
Roman Art
Roman Sculpture
Early Roman Art
Relief Sculpture
Hellenistic Roman
Late Roman Art
Christian Roman
Celtic Roman
Gundestrup Cauldron
-------------------------------
Oriental Art
Visual Arts of India
Chinese Visual Art
Chinese Painters
Chinese Pottery
Chinese Terracotta Army
Japanese Art
-------------------------------
Middle Ages
Islamic Art
Byzantine
Medieval Artists
Medieval Christian Art
Gothic

Europe 1400-1600
Renaissance Art
- In Forence
- Medici Family
- In Rome
- In Venice
Proto Renaissance Period (c.1300-1400)
Proto-Renaissance Artists
Early Renaissance Period (1400-90)
Early Renaissance Artists
High Renaissance Period (1490-1530)
High Renaissance Artists
Mannerism Style (1530-1600)
Mannerist Artists
Spanish Renaissance Artists (1400-1600)
Northern Renaissance (1400-1600)
Northern Renaissance Artists
-------------------------------
17th Century
Baroque Style
French Baroque Artists
Italian Baroque Artists
Dutch Realist Genre Painting
Dutch Realist Artists
German Baroque Artists
Spanish Baroque Artists
-------------------------------
18th Century
Rococo Style
Rococo Artists
Neo-Classical
Neoclassical Artists
-------------------------------
19th Century
Romanticism
Barbizon School of Landscape Painting
Hudson River School
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
Realism
Luminism Landscape Painting
Wanderers Art Movement (Russia)
French Impressionism
- Origins and Influences
- Early History
- Impressionist Manet
- Impressionism Monet
- Sisley, Pissarro, Renoir, Degas and Cezanne
- Monet & Pissarro in London
- Painting Developments
- Impressionist Exhibitions
- Group Splits
- Legacy of Monet
Neo-Impressionism
Post Impressionism
Newlyn School of Landscape Art
Symbolism Art Movement
Art Nouveau
-------------------------------
20th Century Modernism
Ashcan School (New York Realism)
Fauvism
Expressionism
- German Expressionism
Cubism
- Early Cubist Painting
- Analytical Cubism
- Synthetic Cubism
Futurism
Rayonism
Suprematism
Constructivism
Dada
Bauhaus Design School
Art Deco
Surrealism
Abstract Expressionism
Op-Art
Pop Art
Minimalism
Photorealism
-------------------------------
Contemporary (c.1970 onward)
Modern Art
Modern Art Movements
Postmodernism
Contemporary Art
Contemporary British Painting (1960-2000)
Contemporary Art Movements
Turner Prize
Turner Prize Winners

Genres
Since the Renaissance, painting (and to some extent, sculture) has been classified according to five major genres: history (ie. narrative) works, portraiture, genre-painting (ie. everyday scenes), landscapes and still-life. We review the history and styles of all five genres, as well as abstraction and representational painting.

The Main Types of Paintings
Painting Genres
Hierarchy of Genres

(1) History Painting

(2) Portraits
- Renaissance Portraits
- Baroque Portraiture
- Rococo/Neo-classical
- 19th Century Portrait Art
- Impressionist Portraits
- Expressionist Portraiture
- 20th Century Portraits
- Portraits by Picasso
- Surrealist/Pop-Art Portraiture
- Self Portraits

(3) Genre-painting

(4) Landscapes
Plein-Air Painting
Impressionist Landscapes
Famous Landscape Paintings

(5) Still Life
-------------------------------
Abstraction/Figuration
Abstract Art
Representational
Figure Painting
Female Nudes in Art History
Male Nudes in Art History
-------------------------------
The European Academies
Academic Style of Art
Academy of Art Florence
Academy of Art Rome
Royal Academy of Arts London

Best Artists

For a list of the Top 10 greatest artists in the history of Western art, across all the genres, see:
- Best Artists of All Time: Top 10
- Visual Artists: Greatest
- Best History Painters
- Best Portrait Artists
- Best Genre-Painters
- Best Landscape Artists
- Best Still Life Painters

Old Masters
The term "Old Masters" refers to great European painters from the Renaissance to the early 19th century. See below for biographies of great artists working in all the genres, using oils and watercolours.

Proto-Renaissance
Cimabue (1240-1302)
Duccio di Buoninsegna (1255-1319)
Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337)
Early Renaissance
Gentile da Fabriano (c.1370-1427)
Filippo Brunelleschi (1377-1446)
Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378-1455)
Paolo Uccello (1397-1475)
Fra Angelico (c.1400-55)
Tommaso Masaccio (1401-28)
Leon Battista Alberti (1404-72)
Piero della Francesca (1420-92)
Andrea Mantegna (1430-1506)
Donato Bramante (c.1444-1514)
Alessandro Botticelli (1445-1510)
Domenico Ghirlandaio (1449-94)
High Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
Raphael (Raffaello Santi) (1483-1520)
Correggio (1489-1534)
Northern Renaissance
Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)
Roger Van der Weyden (1400-1464)
Hieronymus Bosch (1450-1516)
Matthias Grunewald (1470-1528)
Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)
Lucas Cranach the Elder (1472-1553)
Albrecht Altdorfer (1480-1538)
Hans Holbein The Younger (1497-1543)
Venetian Renaissance
Gentile Bellini (c.1429-1507)
Giovanni Bellini ((1430-1516)
Giorgione (1477-1510)
Titian (1477-1576)
Jacopo Tintoretto (1518-1594)
16th Century/Mannerism School
Giorgio Vasari (1511-1574)
Pieter Bruegel the Elder (c.1525-1569)
Arcimboldo (1527-93)
Paolo Veronese (1528-1588)
El Greco (1541-1614)
Caravaggio (1573-1610)

17th Century Baroque
Peter Paul Rubens (1577-1640)
Jusepe (Jose) Ribera (1591-1652)
Nicolas Poussin (1594-1665)
Francisco Zurbaran (1598- 1664)
Anthony Van Dyck (1599-1641)
Diego Velazquez (1599-1660)
Claude Lorrain (1600-82)
17th Century Dutch Realism School
Frans Snyders (1579-1657)
Frans Hals (1582-1666)
Hendrik Terbrugghen (1588-1629)
Adriaen Brouwer (1605-38)
Rembrandt van Rijn (1606-69)
Adriaen van Ostade (1610-85)
David Teniers the Younger (1610-90)
Gerard Terborch (1617-81)
Aelbert Cuyp (1620-91)
Jan Steen (1626-79)
Jacob van Ruisdael (1628-82)
Pieter de Hooch (1629-83)
Gabriel Metsu (1629-67)
Jan Vermeer (1632-75)
18th Century Rococo Period
Jean-Antoine Watteau (1684-1721)
Giambattista Tiepolo (1696-1770)
Canaletto (1697-1768)
Francois Boucher (1703-1770)
Jean-Honore Fragonard (1732-1806)
Neoclassical
Jean Chardin (1699-1779)
Francisco de Goya (1746-1828)
Jacques-Louis David (1748-1825)
Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres (1780-1867)

Famous Painters (1800-2000)
Biographies of a wide range of Famous Artists from most of the major modern schools (c.1800-2009).
See also: Greatest Paintings Ever

The English School (c.1700-1900)
English Figurative Painting 18th/19th century
English Landscape Painting 18th/19th century
William Hogarth (1697-1764)
Richard Wilson (1714-82)
Joshua Reynolds (1723-92)
Thomas Gainsborough (1727-88)
Henry Fuseli (1741-1825)
William Blake (1757-1827)
Thomas Girtin (1775-1802)
JMW Turner (1775-1851)
John Constable (1776-1837)
Alfred Stevens (1817-75)
George Frederick Watts (1817-1904)
John Everett Millais (1829-96)
William Morris (1834-96)
Best English Painters (1700-1900)
The American School (c.1700-1900)
American Art (1750-present)
Benjamin West (1738-1820)
John Singleton Copley (1738-1815)
Gilbert Stuart (1755-1828)
Thomas Cole (1801-48)
George Caleb Bingham (1811-1879)
Frederic Edwin Church (1826-1900)
James McNeil Whistler (1834–1903)
Winslow Homer (1836-1910)
Thomas Eakins (1844-1916)
John Singer Sargent (1856-1925)
Romantics
Romantic Artists
Caspar David Friedrich (1774-1840)
Theodore Gericault (1791-1824)
Eugene Delacroix (1798-63)
Dante Gabriel Rossetti (1828-82)
19th Century Realism
Realist Artists
Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot (1796-1875)
Honore Daumier (1808-79)
Jean-Francois Millet (1814-75)
Gustave Courbet (1819-77)
Impressionism
Impressionist Painters
Camille Pissarro (1830-1903)
Edouard Manet (1832-83)
Edgar Degas (1834-1917)
Alfred Sisley (1839-1899)
Claude Monet (1840-1926)
Berthe Morisot (1841-95)
Pierre-Auguste Renoir (1841-1919)
Post-Impressionism
Post-Impressionist Painters
Paul Cezanne (1839-1906)
Paul Gauguin (1848-1903)
Vincent Van Gogh (1853-1890)
Georges Seurat (1859-1891)
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (1864-1901)
Edouard Vuillard (1868-1940)
Primitive/Fantasy Art
Henri Rousseau (1844-1910)
Paul Klee (1879-1940)

Art Nouveau
Gustav Klimt (1862-1918)
Aubrey Beardsley (1872-98)
The Russian School
Russian Art (30,000 BCE - 1920)
Russian Artists
Ilya Repin (1844-1930)
Wassily Kandinsky (1844-1944)
Kasimir Malevich (1878-1935)
Marc Chagall (1887-1985)
Fauvism
Henri Matisse (1869-1954)
Expressionism
Expressionist Painters
Edvard Munch (1863-1944)
Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (1880-1938)
Amedeo Modigliani (1884-1920)
Max Beckmann (1884-1950)
Oskar Kokoschka (1886-1980)
Egon Schiele (1890-1918)
Otto Dix (1891-1969)
Dada
Kurt Schwitters (1887-1948)
Marcel Duchamp (1887-1968)
Cubism
Cubist Painters
Pablo Picasso (1881-1973)
Georges Braque (1882-1963)
Fernand Leger (1881-1955)
Robert Delaunay (1885-1941)
Juan Gris (1887-1927)
20th Century Realism
Edward Hopper (1882-1967)
Lucian Freud (b.1922)
Abstraction
Piet Mondrian (1872-1944)
Josef Albers (1888-1976)
Surrealism
Giorgio De Chirico (1888-1978)
Joan Miro (1893-1983)
Rene Magritte (1898-1967)
Salvador Dali (1904-89)
Abstract Expressionism
Mark Rothko (1903-70)
Clyfford Still (1904-1980)
Willem De Kooning (1904-97)
Jackson Pollock (1912-56)
Pop Art
Roy Lichtenstein (1923-97)
Robert Rauschenberg (1925-2008)
Andy Warhol (1928-87)
Jasper Johns (b.1930)
Minimalism
Giorgio Morandi (1890-1964)
Contemporary Art
Bridget Riley (b.1931)
Fernando Botero (b.1932)
David Hockney (b.1937)
Chuck Close (b.1940)
Damien Hirst (b.1965)
Tracey Emin (b.1963)

Sculpture Styles & Famous Sculptors
Biographies of the Greatest Sculptors, from the Renaissance onwards. See also: Greatest Sculptures Ever.

Periods/Movements
Sculpture of Ancient Greece
Medieval Sculpture (c.400-1000)
Romanesque Sculpture (c.1000-1200)
Gothic Sculpture (c.1150-1280)
English Gothic Sculpture
German Gothic Sculpture
Renaissance Sculptors (c.1400-1600)
Baroque Sculptors (1600-1700)
Neo-Classical Sculptors (c.1775-1825)
American Sculptors (1850-present)
19th Century Sculptors
20th Century Sculptors
Sculptors: Antiquity
Phidias (488-431 BCE)
Myron (Active 480-444)
Polykleitos (5th century)
Callimachus (Active 432-408)
Skopas (Active 395-350)
Lysippos (c.395-305)
Praxiteles (Active 375-335)
Leochares (Active 340-320)
Sculptors: Romanesque
Gislebertus (12th century)
Master of Cabestany (12th century)
Master Mateo (12th century)
Benedetto Antelami (active 1178-1196)
Sculptors: Gothic
Nicola Pisano (c.1206-1278)
Giovanni Pisano (c.1250-1314)
Arnolfo di Cambio (c.1240–1310)
Giovanni di Balduccio (c.1290–1339)
Andrea Pisano (1295-1348)
Filippo Calendario (pre-1315-1355)
Andre Beauneveu (c.1335-1400)
Claus Sluter (c.1340-1406)
Hans Multscher (c.1400-1467)
Giorgio da Sebenico (1410-1473)
Michel Colombe (c.1430-1512)
Veit Stoss (c.1447-1533)
Tilman Riemenschneider (c.1460-1531)
Gregor Erhart (c.1460-1540).
Sculptors: Renaissance
Donatello (1386-1466)
Nanni di Banco (c.1386-1421)
Luca Della Robbia (1400-1482)
Antonio Rossellino (1427-79)
Antonio Pollaiuolo (1432-98)
Andrea Della Robbia (1435-1525)
Niccolo Dell 'Arca (1435-94)
Andrea del Verrocchio (1435-88)

Sculptors: Renaissance../cont
Guido Mazzoni (1450-1518)
Alonso Berruguete (c.1486-1561)
Jacopo Sansovino (1486-1570)
Baccio Bandinelli (1493-1560)
Benvenuto Cellini (1500-71)
Francesco Primaticcio (1504-1570)
Juan de Juni (1507-1577)
Jean Goujon (c.1510-68)
Germain Pilon (1529-1590)
Giambologna (1529-1608)
Barthelemy Prieur (1536-1611)
Adriaen de Vries (1560-1626)
Stefano Maderno (1576-1636)
Sculptors: Baroque|Rococo|Neoclassical
Juan Martinez Montanes (1568-1649)
Francois Duquesnoy (1597-1643)
Bernini (1598-1680)
Alessandro Algardi (1598-1654)
Alonso Cano (1601-1667)
Pierre Paul Puget (1620-94)
Francois Girardon (1628-1715)
Antoine Coysevox (1640-1720)
Grinling Gibbons (1648-1721)
Balthasar Permoser (1651-1732)
Andreas Schluter (1664-1714)
Guillaume Coustou (1677-1746)
Louis-Francois Roubiliac (1695-1762)
Jean-Baptiste Pigalle (1714-1785)
Etienne Maurice Falconet (1716-1791)
Franz Xaver Messerschmidt (1736-1783)
Joseph Nollekens (1737-1823)
Jean Antoine Houdon (1741-1828)
John Flaxman (1755-1826)
Antonio Canova (1757-1822)
Bertel Thorvaldsen (1770–1844)
Sculptors: 19th Century
Auguste Preault (1809-79)
Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux (1827-75)
Auguste Bartholdi (1834-1904)
Auguste Rodin (1840-1917)
Daniel Chester French (1850-1931)
Sculptors: Modern
Aristide Maillol (1861-1944)
Ernst Barlach (1870-1938)
James Earle Fraser (1876-1953)
Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957)
Anna Hyatt Huntington (1876-1973)
Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916)
Henry Moore (1898-1986)
Sculptors: Contemporary
Jeff Koons (b.1955)

Famous Museums
See below for profiles of the most famous galleries and best art museums around the world.
See also: Museums of Islamic Art.

France
Louvre Museum, Paris
Musee d'Orsay
Germany
Pinakothek Museum Munich
Guggenheim Museum Berlin
Italy
Uffizi Gallery Florence
Vatican Museums
Sistine Chapel Frescoes
Raphael Rooms (Vatican)
Peggy Guggenheim Museum Venice
Netherlands
Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
Russia
Hermitage St Petersburg
Tretyakov Gallery Moscow
Spain
Prado Museum Madrid
Guggenheim Museum Bilbao
Israel
Jewish Art Museum, Jerusalem

USA
Metropolitan Museum of Art
Frick Collection
Guggenheim Museum New York
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)
Whitney Museum of American Art
National Gallery of Art Washington DC
Phillips Collection, Washington DC
Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Art Institute of Chicago
Detroit Institute of Arts
Philadelphia Museum of Art
Los Angeles County Museum of Art
J Paul Getty Museum Los Angeles
UK
National Gallery London
British Royal Art Collection
Tate Gallery Britain

World Art Market
Profiles of the world's leading auction houses, plus articles on the highest prices achieved at auction or private treaty by Old Masters, modern and contemporary artists.

Auction Houses
Christie's Art Auctioneers
Sotheby's Art Auctioneers
Top Auction Sales
Most Expensive Paintings Top 10
Most Expensive Paintings Top 20
Top 20 Contemporary Artists

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF IRISH AND WORLD ART
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