Sitemap 3 - WORLD ART
Essays, articles on the different types of arts, the History of Western Art, Stone age cave painting, Greek sculpture, the Renaissance, as well as all modern and historical art movements; plus biographies of the greatest painters, sculptors and contemporary artists.
Encyclopedia of Art - HOMEPAGE

Contents

• Types of Art (and Essays on Art Appreciation)
• Reference: (Questions/Glossaries/Colour)
• History of Western Art
• Painting Genres (Types)
• Art Education
• Best Artists
• Old Masters (c.1300-1800)
• Famous Painters (1700-1900)
• Best 20th Century Painters
• Famous Sculptors & Sculptures
• Famous Museums
• World Art Market
• Art Collectors
• A-Z Index of Most Popular Pages

Other Sitemaps

• Sitemap 1 - Art in Ireland
Details of arts institutions, artist groups and collectives, articles about the history of Irish art, details of visual art in each of the 32 counties, plus a list of museums and galleries. Also includes info on the Irish art market, and a review of educational art courses.

• Sitemap 2 - Irish Painters and Sculptors
For hundreds of biographies of Irish artists (1600-2008), plus information about Irish painting, sculpture and ceramics.

Looking for Out-of-Print Art Books?
Searching for that elusive book on Flemish painting, or Art Nouveau architecture? See: Rare Art Books.

Types of Art

For all the main arts categories, see: Types of Art. For definitions, see: Art Definition, Meaning.
Visual art is a relatively modern term encompassing fine art (eg. drawing, painting, sculpture), as well as contemporary art forms (eg. collage, assemblage, photography, video, animation, concept art, performance, installation, land art, among others), decorative art (eg. ceramics, stained glass and interior design), graphic arts (eg. illustration, calligraphy), and applied art (mainly design), and printmaking (eg. woodcuts, etching, drypoint, engraving, lithographics and silkscreen).

Educational Essays on Art Appreciation

- Art Evaluation: How to Appreciate Art (painting)
- How to Appreciate Paintings
- Famous Paintings Analyzed
- How to Appreciate Sculpture (c.40,000 BCE - 1850)
- How to Appreciate Modern Sculpture (c.1850-2000)

A-Z Types of Art
Abstract Art
- Concrete Art
- Non-Objective Art
Abstract Art Movements (c.1870-2000)
Abstract Paintings (c.1830-2000)
Abstract Sculpture (1900-2000)
Aesthetics
Altarpiece Art
Animation
Assemblage
Art Brut (raw art)
Calligraphy
Ceramics
Collage
Computer Art
Conceptual Art
Crafts: History, Types
Design
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Drawing: History, Types, Artists
- Chalk Drawings
- Charcoal
- Conte Crayons
- "Disegno"
- Figure Drawing
- Pastel
- Pen and Ink
- Pencil Drawing
- Renaissance Drawings (c.1400-1550)
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Graffiti Art
Graphic Art
Happenings
Illustration (Book, Magazine)
Installation
Jewellery - Fabergé Easter Eggs
Junk Art (Found Objects)
Land/Environmental Art
Mosaic
Outsider Art
Painting: History, Types, Painters
- Acrylics
- "Colorito"
- Encaustic Painting
- Fresco
- Gouache
- Grisaille
- Icons: Icon Painting

A-Z Types of Art
Painting (cont/...)
- Ink and Wash
- Miniature Painting (c.600-1850)
- Miniaturists
- Mural Painting
- Oil Painting
- Panel-Painting
- Tempera
- Watercolours
- Body Painting
- Face Painting
Painting Techniques
- Chiaroscuro
- Foreshortening
- Impasto Technique
- Linear Perspective
- Quadratura Illusionistic Murals
- Sfumato
- Tenebrism
- Trompe l'oeil
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Performance
Photography
Plastic Art
Poster Art
History of Poster Art
Printmaking: History, Types, Printmakers
- Engraving
- Etching
- Giclee prints
- Lithography
- Screen Printing
- Woodcuts
Public Art
Religious Art
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Sculpture Art
- Bronze sculpture
- Ivory Carving
- Marble sculpture
- Stone sculpture
- Wood Carving
- Relief sculpture
- Statue freestanding sculpture
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Stained Glass Art
Stained Glass Materials & Methods
Tapestry Art
- Bayeux Tapestry (1075)
Video

Reference

For answers to popular questions about the origins, history, types and terminology of art, plus information about the theory and practice of colour in painting, see below:

Questions

Art Questions (General)
Questions about History of Art
Questions about Famous Artists
Questions about Irish Art

Glossaries

Glossary of Art Terms
Painting Glossary
Colour Glossary
Art Movements
Architecture Glossary
Printmaking Glossary

Colour

Colour in Painting
Colour Theory
Colour Pigments
Colour Mixing Tips

Colour Palettes

Prehistoric Colour Palette
Egyptian Colour Palette
Classical Colour Palette
Renaissance Colour Palette
18th Century Colour Palette
19th Century Colour Palette

History of Western Art
Includes articles on all types, styles and periods/movements of Western art from the Early Stone Age and early Mediterranean cultures, through Classical Antiquity (Greek, Roman art), and the Middle Ages as far as the Renaissance. Thereafter, the Italian Renaissance is covered in detail, as are several other movements including Impressionism, Expressionism and Cubism. In addition, there are profiles of all major modern and contemporary art styles. See also our detailed "Timeline," and our review of the most influential architectural styles up to the 20th century.
History of Art
Prehistoric Art Timeline
History of Art: Timeline
Architecture: History, Styles
History of Sculpture

Earliest Cultures
Paleolithic Art & Culture
Stone Age Art
Prehistoric Art
Oldest Art: Top 10
Oldest Art: Top 50
Earliest Art
Rock Art
Petroglyphs
Megaliths
Megalithic Art
Stonehenge Stone Circle (c.2600 BCE)
Prehistoric Sculpture
Cupules (Lower Paleolithic)
Bhimbetka Petroglyphs (290-700,000 BCE)
Venus of Berekhat Ram (230-700,000 BCE)
Venus of Tan-Tan (200-500,000 BCE)
Blombos Cave Art Engravings (c.70,000 BCE)
La Ferrassie Cave Cupules (c.70,000 BCE)
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Stone Age Sculptures
Ivory Carvings: Swabian Jura (c.33,000 BCE)
Lion Man of Hohlenstein Stadel (30,000 BCE)
Venus Figurines
Venus of Hohle Fels (35-40,000 BCE)
Venus of Kostenky (c.30,000 BCE)
Venus of Dolni Vestonice (26-24,000 BCE)
Venus of Willendorf (c.25,000 BCE)
Venus of Brassempouy (c.23,000 BCE)
Venus of Lespugue (c.23,000 BCE)
Venus of Laussel (c.23,000 BCE)
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Stone Age Cave Paintings & Murals
Cave Painting
Chauvet Cave (c.30,000 BCE)
Pech-Merle (c.25,000 BCE)
Cosquer (c.25,000 BCE)
Lascaux (c.17,000 BCE)
Altamira (c.15,000 BCE)
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Ancient Civilizations
Ancient Art Guide
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Aboriginal Rock Art: Australia
African Art
African Sculpture
Egyptian Art (c.3100-395 CE)
Egyptian Pyramid Architecture
Egyptian Sculpture
Etruscan (c.700-90 BCE)
Tribal Art
Oceanic
Persian (c.3500-330 BCE)
Minoan (c.2000-1500 BCE)
Mycenean (c.1650-1200 BCE)
Viking
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Classical Antiquity: Ancient Greece
Greek Art (c.650-27 BCE)
Greek Sculpture
Daedalic Style (c.650-600 BCE)
Archaic Style (600-500 BCE)
Early Classical Period (500-450 BCE)
High Classical Period (450-400 BCE)
Late Classical Period (400-323 BCE)
Hellenistic Period (323-27 BCE)
Hellenistic Statues/Reliefs
Painting: Archaic
Painting: Classical
Painting: Hellenistic
Mural/Panel Painting Legacy
Greek Metalwork
Greek Pottery
Classical Antiquity: Ancient Rome
Roman Art (750-200 CE)
Roman Sculpture
Early Roman Art (c.510 BCE to 27 BCE)
Relief Sculpture (c.55 BCE onwards)
Hellenistic Roman (c.27-200 CE)
Late Roman Art (c.200-400 CE)
Christian Roman (313 CE onwards)
Celtic Roman
Gundestrup Cauldron (c.200-50 BCE)
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Oriental Art
Visual Arts of India
Chinese Visual Art
Chinese Painters
Chinese Pottery
Chinese Terracotta Army
Japanese Art
Ukiyo-e Woodblock Prints
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Middle Ages
Islamic Art
Byzantine
Carolingian Art (c.750-900)
Ottonian Art (c.900-1050
Medieval Artists
Medieval Christian Art (c.400-1000)
Russian Medieval Painting (c.950-1100)
German Medieval Art (800-1250)
Romanesque Art (c.1000-1200)
Romanesque Painting (c.1000-1200)
Romanesque Painting in Italy
Romanesque Painting in France
Romanesque Painting in Spain
Novgorod School of Icon Painting (1100-1500)
Gothic (1150-1375)
Gothic Architecture (1150-1375)
German Gothic Art (1200-1450)
Sienese School of Painting (1250-1550)
Trecento (1300-1400)
Pre-Renaissance Painting (c.1300-1400)
Proto Renaissance Period (c.1300-1400)
Proto-Renaissance Artists
International Gothic (c.1375-1450)
French Painting (c.1400-1900)
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Renaissance Era in Italy 1400-1600
Quattrocento (1400-1500)
Renaissance Art
Greatest Renaissance Paintings (1400-1600)
- In Florence
- Medici Family
- In Rome
- In Venice
Early Renaissance Period (1400-90)
Early Renaissance Painting (1400-90)
Early Renaissance Artists
Cinquecento (1500-1600)
High Renaissance Period (1490-1530)
High Renaissance Painting (1490-1530)
High Renaissance Artists
Saint Peter's Basilica, Rome (1506-1626)
Venetian Painting (1450-1800)
Mannerism Art Movement (1530-1600)
Mannerist Painting, Italy (1530-1600)
Mannerist Artists
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Renaissance Era Outside Italy
Spanish Painting (c.1500-1970)
Spanish Renaissance Artists (1400-1600)
Northern Renaissance (1430-1580)
Northern Renaissance Artists (1430-1580)
Netherlandish Renaissance (1430-1580)
Flemish Painting (1400-1800)
Flemish Painters (1400-1750)
German Renaissance (1430-1580)
Moscow School of Painting (c.1500-1700)

17th Century
Caravaggism (c.1600-50)
Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)
Baroque Architecture (c.1600-1750)
Baroque Architects (c.1600-1750)
Baroque Painting (c.1600-1750)
Best Baroque Paintings (c.1600-1700)
Dutch Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)
Dutch Realist Genre Painting
Dutch Realist Artists
Flemish Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)
French Baroque Artists
German Baroque Art (c.1550-1750)
German Baroque Artists
Italian Baroque Artists
Spanish Baroque Art (c.1600-1700)
Spanish Baroque Artists
The Official Paris Salon (inc. Salon des independants)
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18th Century
Petrine Art in Russia (1686-1725)
Russian Painting 18th-Century
Rococo Style (c.1700-1800)
Rococo Artists
Neoclassical Art (Flourished 1770-1830)
Neoclassical Artists
Neoclassical Architecture (1640-1850)
Neoclassical Painting (c.1750-1860)
English Figurative Painting (1700-1900)
English Landscape Painting (1700-1900)
Best English Painters (1700-1900)
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19th Century
Biedermeier Art Style (c.1810-60)
Romanticism (c.1770-1920)
Russian Painting 19th-Century
German Art 19th-Century
Norwich School of Landscape Painters (1803-33)
Nazarenes (1810-50)
Barbizon School of Landscape Painting (c.1830-75)
Hudson River School (c.1825-75)
Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (fl. 1848-55)
Naturalism
Realism
Luminism Landscape Painting (c.1850-75)
Macchiaioli (1855-80)
Arts and Crafts Movement (c.1862-1914)
Wanderers Art Movement (Russia) (c.1863-1900)
French Impressionism (fl. 1870-1880)
- Best Impressionist Paintings
- Origins and Influences
- Early History
- Impressionist Manet
- Impressionism Monet
- Sisley, Pissarro, Renoir, Degas and Cezanne
- Monet & Pissarro in London
- Painting Developments
- Impressionist Exhibitions
- Group Splits
- Legacy of Monet
Neo-Impressionism (1880s)
Pointillism (1880s)
Post Impressionism (1880s/90s)
Newlyn School of Landscape Art (fl.1884-1914)
Symbolism Art Movement (1880s/90s)
Les Vingt (1883-93)
Cloisonnism (1888-94)
Synthetism (1888-94)
Heidelberg School (1886-1900)
Art Nouveau (c.1890-1914)
Jugendstil (c.1890s-1914)
Les Nabis (1890s)
Ecole de Paris (c.1890-1940)
Primitivism (fl.1890s-1930s)
Vienna Secession (1897-1939)
-------------------------------
20th Century Modernism (c.1900-70)
Modern Art
Modern Art Movements
Modern Paintings (1850- present)
Twentieth Century Painters
Ashcan School (New York Realism) (c.1900-1915)
Fauvism (1905-8)
Expressionism (Late 19th Century onwards))
- German Expressionism (c.1905-35)
- Die Brucke (The Bridge) (1905-13)
- Der Blaue Reiter (Blue Rider) (1911-14)
- Expressionist Paintings (c.1880-1950)
Cubism (fl.1908-14)
- Early Cubist Painting (1908)
- Analytical Cubism (c.1909-12)
- Synthetic Cubism (c.1912-14)
Futurism (c.1909-14)
Orphism (c.1910-13)
Camden Town Group (1911-13)
Rayonism (c.1912-14)
Armory Show of Modern Art (1913)
Vorticism (c.1914-15)
Suprematism (c.1913-18)
Constructivism (c.1919-32)
Dada (1916-24)
De Stijl (1917-31)
Sturm Gallery, Berlin (1912-25)
Neo-Plasticism (fl.1918-26)
Elementarism (1924-31)
Bauhaus Design School (1919-33)
Die Neue Sachlichkeit (New Objectivity) (1925-35)
Precisionism (fl.1920s)
American Scene Painting (c.1925-45)
Socialist Realism (c.1928-80)
Degenerate Art (1933-45)
Art Deco (c.1925-40)
Surrealism (1924 onwards)
Regionalism (fl.1930s)
St Ives School (c.1939-75)
Abstract Expressionism (c.1947-65)
- Abstract Expressionist Painting- A Review
- Action-Painting
- Art Informel
- Tachisme
- Cobra group
- Colour Field Painting
- Lyrical Abstraction
- Post-Painterly Abstraction
- Hard Edge Painting
Kinetic Art (flourished c.1950-75)
Op-Art (c.1955-70)
Pop Art (c.1955-70)
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20th Century Contemporary (c.1970 onward)
Postmodernist art
Contemporary Art
Contemporary Art Movements
Minimalism (fl.1960s, 1970s)
Contemporary British Painting (1960-2000)
Photorealism (1960s onwards)
Fluxus (fl.1960s)
Arte Povera (c.1966-71)
Neo-Expressionism (Late 1970s, 1980s)
Young British Artists (Britart) (1988-2000)
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21st Century
Turner Prize
Turner Prize Winners
Avant-Garde Art (1400-2000)

Genres and Types of Painting/Sculpture
Since the Renaissance, painting (and to some extent, sculture) has been classified according to five major genres: history (ie. narrative) works, portraiture, genre-painting (ie. everyday scenes), landscapes and still-life. We review the history and styles of all five genres, as well as abstraction and representational painting.

The Main Types of Paintings
Painting Genres
Hierarchy of Genres

(1) History Painting

(2) Portraits
- Greatest Portrait Paintings (Top 50)
- Renaissance Portraits
- Baroque Portraiture
- Rococo/Neo-classical
- 19th Century Portrait Art
- Impressionist Portraits
- Expressionist Portraiture
- 20th Century Portraits
- Portraits by Picasso
- Surrealist/Pop-Art Portraiture
- Self Portraits

(3) Genre-painting
- Greatest Genre Paintings (Top 100)

(4) Landscapes
- Plein-Air Painting
- Impressionist Landscapes
- Famous Landscape Paintings

(5) Still Life
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Figuration
Representational
Figure Painting
Female Nudes in Art History
Male Nudes in Art History
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Art Education

Best Artists

For a list of the Top 10 greatest artists in the history of Western art, across all the genres, see:
- Best Artists of All Time: Top 10
- Visual Artists: Greatest (PART ONE: 1000-1850)
- Modern Artists: Greatest (PART TWO: 1850-present)
- Best History Painters
- Best Portrait Artists
- Best Genre-Painters
- Best Landscape Artists
- Best Still Life Painters

Old Masters
For biographies of the greatest European painters from the Gothic era to the early 19th century, please see: Old Masters.

Famous Painters (1800-2000)
For biographies of modern artists - from all the major modern schools (c.1800-2000), see: Famous Painters.
See also: Greatest Paintings Ever

The English School (c.1700-1900)
English Figurative Painting 18th/19th century
English Landscape Painting 18th/19th century
Best English Painters (1700-1900)
The American School (c.1700-1900)
American Art (1750-present)
Romantics
Romantic Artists
19th Century Realism
Realist Artists
Impressionism
Impressionist Painters
The Russian School
Russian Art (30,000 BCE - 1920)
Russian Artists

Post-Impressionism
Post-Impressionist Painters
Fauvism
Fauvist Painters
Expressionism
Expressionist Painters
Cubism
Cubist Painters
Geometric Abstraction
Abstract Painters
Surrealism
Surrealist Artists

Sculpture Styles, Famous Sculptors, Famous Sculptures
For biographies of the top artists, see: Greatest Sculptors. See also: Greatest Sculptures Ever.

Periods/Movements
Sculpture of Ancient Greece
Medieval Sculpture (c.400-1000)
Romanesque Sculpture (c.1000-1200)
Gothic Sculpture (c.1150-1280)
English Gothic Sculpture
German Gothic Sculpture
Italian Renaissance Sculpture (c.1300-1500)
Renaissance Sculptors (c.1400-1600)
Baroque Sculpture (1600-1700)
Baroque Sculptors (1600-1700)
Russian Sculpture (c.1740-1940)
Neoclassical Sculptors (c.1775-1825)
American Sculptors (1850-present)
19th Century Sculptors
20th Century Sculptors
Abstract Sculptors (1900-2000)

Famous Sculptures
Thinker of Cernavoda (c.5,000 BCE)
Venus de Milo (c.130-100 BCE)
Laocoon and His Sons (c.42-20 BCE).

Famous Public Museums
For the world's best, see: Best Art Museums.
For European public galleries, see: Best Art Museums in Europe.
For American public galleries, see: Best Art Museums in America.

World Art Market
Profiles of the world's leading auction houses, plus articles on the highest prices achieved at auction or private treaty by Old Masters, modern and contemporary artists. See also: Art News Headlines.

Auction Houses
Christie's Art Auctioneers
Sotheby's Art Auctioneers
Top Auction Sales
Most Expensive Paintings Top 10
Most Expensive Paintings Top 20
Top 20 Contemporary Artists
World's Top Art Buyers
Greatest Art Collectors
Paul Durand-Ruel (1831-1922)
Pavel Tretyakov (1832-1898)
Isabella Stewart Gardner (1840-1924)
Sergei Shchukin (1854-1936)
Solomon R Guggenheim (1861-1949)
Ambroise Vollard (1866-1939)
Ivan Morozov (1871-1921)
Dr Albert C Barnes (1872-1951)
Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney (1875-1942)
Samuel Courtauld (1876-1947)
Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler (1884-1979)
Duncan Phillips (1886-1966)
Paul Guillaume (1891-1934)
J Paul Getty (1892-1976)
Peggy Guggenheim (1898-1979)
Leo Castelli (1907-99)
Charles Saatchi (b.1943)

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ART
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