National Gallery of Art Washington DC.
History, Highlights, Permanent Collection, Exhibitions.
Encyclopedia of Irish and World Art - HOMEPAGE



The Human Condition (1933)
By Rene Magritte. One of the
most famous examples of
Surrealist painting.

National Gallery of Art (Washington DC)

Contents

Highlights
History
Permanent Collection
American Artists

Along with the Metropolitan Museum of Art , the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and the Museum of Modern Art (MOMA), the National Gallery of Art Washington DC is one of the world's best art museums, with a world-famous collection of painting, sculpture, installations, graphic art, prints, photographs, ceramics and other pieces of decorative art.

Famous Art Galleries
in Europe/USA

Uffizi, Florence
Sistine Chapel Frescoes
Hermitage, St Petersburg
Louvre Paris
Musee d'Orsay Paris
Prado Madrid
Rijksmuseum Amsterdam
Tate, London
National Gallery London
Pinakothek, Munich
Frick Collection
Metropolitan, New York
MoMA, New York
Guggenheim, New York
Guggenheim, Venice
Guggenheim Bilbao
Guggenheim, Berlin
Jewish Art Museum

Introduction

The National Gallery of Art Washington DC was founded in 1937 using funds and a large art collection gifted by financier and art collector Andrew W. Mellon. The latter formed the initial core of the collection, which has since been considerably expanded via donations from Samuel H. Kress, Rush H. Kress, Joseph Widener, Chester Dale, Ailsa Mellon Bruce, Lessing J. Rosenwald, and Edgar William and Bernice Chrysler Garbisch, to name but a few.

Museum Highlights

The top highlight of the National Gallery of Art's collection is its assembly of Italian Renaissance art, including Ginevra de' Benci by Leonardo da Vinci, as well as works by Duccio di Buoninsegna, Fra Angelico, Fillipo Lippi, Botticelli, Giorgione, Bellini, Titian and Raphael. The greatest Northern Renaissance artists in the collection include Van der Weyden, Mathis Grunewald, Albrecht Durer, Frans Snyders, Lucas Cranach the Elder, Frans Hals, Rembrandt van Rijn, and Vermeer, while French and Spanish painting is exemplified by Ingres, Eugene Delacroix, Velazquez, El Greco, Zurbaran and Goya, among others. All painting genres are covered, and the collection includes some of the finest history-paintings, portraits, landscapes, genre-pictures and still lifes in the history of art.

WORLD'S BEST ART
For a list of the finest works of
painting and sculpture, by the
world's most famous artists, see:
Greatest Paintings Ever
Oils, watercolours, mixed media
from 1300-present.
Greatest Sculptures Ever
Works in stone, bronze, wood
from 33,000 BCE-present.

MOVEMENTS, PERIODS, ARTISTS
For more information, see:
History of Art

MEANING OF ART
For more about the different types,
styles and values of traditional and
contemporary visual art, see:
Definition of Art.

History

The National Gallery of Art includes two buildings, the West Building and the East Building, connected by an underground passageway. The neoclassical-style West Building, designed by architect John Russell Pope, has a huge dome reminiscent of the Pantheon in Paris. Funded by the Mellon family, the Gallery's East Building was opened in 1978. The structure, designed by architect I.M. Pei, is contrastingly modern - a series of geometrical, interlocking prisms. The East Building is home to the Gallery's growing collections of art, an advanced research center, library, administrative offices, and a growing collection of drawings and prints. The most recent addition to the National Gallery complex is the 6-acre outdoor sculpture garden, opened in May 1999. Donated by the Morris and Gwendolyn Cafritz Foundation, it is located next to the West Building at 7th Street and Constitution Avenue, N.W., the garden provides an informal, yet elegant setting for works of modern and contemporary sculpture.

VISUAL ARTS OF ISLAM
For a list of the world's greatest
libraries and museum collections
of Muslim culture, see:
Museums of Islamic Art.

WORLD'S TOP ART PRICES
For details of the world's most
highly priced works of art, see:
Top 10 Most Expensive Paintings

WORLDS TOP ARTISTS
For top creative practitioners, see:
Best Artists of All Time.
For the greatest view painters, see:
Best Landcape Artists.
For the greatest still life art, see:
Best Still Life Painters.
For the greatest portraitists
see: Best Portrait Artists.
For the greatest genre-painting, see:
Best Genre Painters.
For the top allegorical painting,
see: Best History Painters.

FINE ART CHRONOLOGY
For details about the development
of Western painting and sculpture
see: History of Art Timeline.

Permanent Collection

The National Gallery of Art owns one of the greatest art collections in the world, featuring 2,000 works of sculpture, installation art, painting, works on paper, prints, fine art photography, porcelains and other items of decorative art.

West Building

The overall collection of the National Gallery of Art is divided as follows: in the West Building there is a wide collection of paintings and sculptures by European Old Masters. In addition, the West Building houses the gallery's collection of 19th-century European masterpieces, such as works by Claude Monet and Vincent Van Gogh, and pre-20th century works by American artists.

East Building

In contrast, the East Building is concerned with modern and contemporary art. It features works by Pablo Picasso, Henri Matisse, Rene Magritte, Georgia O'Keeffe, Mark Rothko, Jackson Pollock, Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein and Alexander Calder.

Sculpture Garden

Exhibits in the landscaped Sculpture Garden include 17 major sculptures by artists like Joan Miro, Louise Bourgeois, Hector Guimard, Mark di Suvero, Claes Oldenburg, Coosje van Bruggen, and Tony Smith. In addition the museum has a wonderful collection of sculpture by Auguste Rodin and Edgar Degas.

Collection of American Art

American artists whose works can be seen in the gallery include: the great 18th century history painter John Singleton Copley; the Francophile Mary Cassatt; the portraitist Gilbert Stuart; the painter of the cowboy west Frederic Remington; the wonderful 19th century realists Winslow Homer and Thomas Eakins; the post-Impressionist Whistler; the virtuoso society portrait painter John Singer Sargent; the Pop-Artists Jasper Johns, Edward Ruscha, Andy Warhol, and Roy Lichtenstein; co-inventors of "Action-Painting" Jackson Pollock and Lee Krasner; and the Abstract Expressionist Mark Rothko, to name but a few.

Cost of Admission

Entry to the National Gallery of Art is free of charge.

Opening Hours

Monday-Saturday: 10am-5pm
Sundays: 11am-6pm.

Further Information

National Gallery of Art Washington DC
7th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW.
Washington, DC
(202) 737-4215
Website www.nga.gov

• For a survey of art museums and venues in Ireland, see: Irish Art Galleries.
• For more information about visual arts in Ireland, see: Irish Art Encyclopedia.

• To update this mini-review of the National Gallery of Art Washington DC, click here.


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